RHEUMATIC FEVER

Rheumatic fever is a complication that can follow an infection with group A strep. This bacteria is the cause of strep throat and scarlet fever. Rheumatic fever can affect the heart, joints, skin, and other organs. Children between the ages of 5 and 15 are most susceptible to this condition.

Rheumatic fever is caused when the body's immune system makes antibodies to fight the strep bacteria that causes an infection. Certain parts of the bacteria are similar to some kinds of human tissues. These antibodies become confused and begin to target tissues in the body.

Fortunately, rheumatic fever is rare. Most sore throats are not strep infections. Of those that are, only about three in one thousand people who have had strep throat develop rheumatic fever.

The symptoms of rheumatic fever are:

pain and swelling in large joints, particularly the knees, ankles, elbows and wrists
fever
weakness
shortness of breath
rash that is red, raised and lattice-like, usually on the chest, back and abdomen
bumps under the skin and
spasms of the arms and legs

The most serious complication of the disorder occurs when the heart is affected. The symptoms of rheumatic fever can appear up to 6 weeks after a strep infection. If your child has had a sore throat, and develops these symptoms weeks later, see your healthcare provider right away.

Usually the condition is treated with rest and antibiotics like penicillin or erythromycin. Antibiotics can be given for several months to lower the chance of rheumatic fever occurring again. If the heart has been affected, sometimes surgery is necessary. Children who have had rheumatic fever may be given antibiotics to take before all future surgical procedures, including dental work.

Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional.

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